PROJ
PROJ is the foundational open-source library for cartographic projections and coordinate transformations used across the geospatial industry. It provides the reference implementation for converting between coordinate reference systems and is a core dependency of GDAL, PostGIS, QGIS, and most other geospatial software.
PROJ is the authoritative open-source library for coordinate reference system (CRS) transformations, supporting conversions between geographic, projected, and compound coordinate systemsCoordinate SystemsCoordinate systems standardize the description of geographic locations using latitude, longitude, and other spatial d.... Originally created in the 1980s by Gerald Evenden at the USGS, PROJ has evolved into the standard transformation engine underpinning virtually all open-source geospatial software and many commercial products. PROJ supports thousands of coordinate reference systems identified by EPSG codesEPSG CodesEPSG codes are standardized numeric identifiers assigned to coordinate reference systems, datums, and map projections..., as well as custom projections defined through PROJ strings or WKT (Well-Known Text) representations. Its transformation pipelines handle complex multi-step conversions including datumDatumA geodetic datum is a mathematical model that defines the size, shape, and orientation of the Earth, serving as the r... shifts, grid-based corrections, and time-dependent transformations. The PROJ database includes comprehensive CRS definitions, transformation parameters, and accuracy metadata sourced from the EPSG registry and national geodetic agencies. PROJ is a fundamental dependency in the geospatial ecosystem. GDALGDALGDAL (Geospatial Data Abstraction Library) is an open-source translator library for raster and vector geospatial data..., PostGISPostGISPostGIS is an open-source extension for PostgreSQL databases that introduces support for geographic objects, allowing..., QGISQGISQGIS is a user-friendly, open-source GIS platform that provides tools for geospatial data analysis, mapping, and inte..., MapServer, GeoServerGeoServerGeoServer is an open-source server for sharing geospatial data, implementing OGC standards like WMS, WFS, and WCS to ..., and R's sf package all rely on PROJ for coordinate transformations. The library provides C/C++ APIs, and is accessed from Python through PyProjPyProjPyProj is a Python interface to the PROJ library for cartographic projections and coordinate transformations. It enab... and from other languages through various bindings. Any application that needs to align data from different coordinate systems ultimately depends on PROJ's transformation capabilities, making it one of the most critical pieces of geospatial infrastructure.
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