Stay Point Detection
Stay point detection identifies locations where a mobile device user pauses for a meaningful duration, distinguishing intentional stops from transient movement. It is a foundational preprocessing step that converts raw GPS trajectories into discrete visit events used in mobility analytics.
Stay point detection is a trajectory analysis technique that scans a sequence of time-stamped GPSGPSThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system operated by the U.S. Space Force that prov... coordinates to find clusters of observations where a device remained within a defined spatial radius for at least a minimum time threshold. These clusters represent meaningful stops—visits to stores, workplaces, restaurants, or homes—as opposed to brief pauses at traffic lights or momentary GPS drift.
How It Works
The classic algorithm iterates through a GPSGPSThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system operated by the U.S. Space Force that prov... trace, anchoring on each point and expanding a spatial cluster until consecutive points fall outside the distance threshold or the elapsed time exceeds the maximum gap. If the accumulated time within the cluster meets the minimum dwell threshold (typically 3–5 minutes), the cluster centroid is recorded as a stay point with entry time, exit time, and duration. More advanced methods use density-based clustering (DBSCANDBSCANDBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) is an unsupervised clustering algorithm that gro...), Kalman filtering for noise reduction, and adaptive thresholds that account for varying GPS accuracyGPS AccuracyGPS accuracy refers to the precision and reliability of position measurements from the Global Positioning System, whi... in urban canyons versus open areas.
Applications
Stay point detection is the prerequisite for place detectionPlace DetectionPlace detection identifies meaningful locations—such as stores, restaurants, and offices—from raw GPS or mobile devic..., home-work inference, visit frequencyVisit FrequencyVisit frequency measures how often a consumer visits a specific location within a defined time period. Derived from m... calculation, and origin-destination analysisOrigin-Destination AnalysisOrigin-Destination (OD) Analysis studies travel patterns between starting points and endpoints within a geographic ar.... Without accurate stay point extraction, downstream mobility analytics inherit noise from raw trajectories—counting drive-throughs as visits, splitting single stops into multiple events, or missing visits entirely. Stay point detection converts the continuous, noisy stream of mobile location data into the clean, discrete visit events that all higher-level mobility analytics depend upon.
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