ogr2ogr

ogr2ogr is the primary command-line utility in the GDALGDALGDAL (Geospatial Data Abstraction Library) is an open-source translator library for raster and vector geospatial data.../OGR library for converting vector geospatial dataGeospatial DataGeospatial data encompasses information about the location, shape, and relationships of physical features on Earth. I... between formats. As part of the GDAL suite, ogr2ogr supports over 80 vector formats including ShapefileShapefileThe Shapefile is a widely used geospatial vector data format developed by Esri, storing the geometry, attributes, and..., GeoJSONGeoJSONGeoJSON is an open standard format for encoding geographic data structures using JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). I..., GeoPackage, KML, PostGISPostGISPostGIS is an open-source extension for PostgreSQL databases that introduces support for geographic objects, allowing..., FileGDB, CSV, and many more, making it the universal Swiss Army knife for vector dataVector DataVector data represents geographic features as discrete points, lines, and polygons with associated attribute informat... format conversion in the geospatial world. ogr2ogr performs far more than simple format conversion. It supports coordinate reference system reprojection via PROJPROJPROJ is the foundational open-source library for cartographic projections and coordinate transformations used across ..., attribute filtering with SQL WHERE clauses, spatial filtering by bounding boxBounding BoxA bounding box is the minimum axis-aligned rectangle that completely encloses a geographic feature or dataset, define... or geometry, geometry type conversion, field name mapping, character encoding transformation, and geometry simplification. Advanced features include executing SQL queries against input datasets using the SQLite or OGRSQL dialects, clipping geometries to a boundary, reprojecting on the fly, and batch-processing multiple layers. The tool handles both file-based and database sources and destinations. ogr2ogr is indispensable in geospatial data workflows, used by GISGISGeographic Information Systems (GIS) enable users to analyze and visualize spatial data to uncover patterns, relation... professionals, data engineers, and system administrators for automated data pipelines, ETL processes, and one-off format conversions. It is typically invoked from shell scripts, Python subprocess calls, or within Docker containers in CI/CD pipelines. Common tasks include converting Shapefiles to GeoJSON for web applications, loading spatial data into PostGIS databases, extracting features by attribute or area of interest, and converting between projections for data integration.