Split (Spatial)
Spatial split divides input features using the boundaries of a splitting layer, creating new features at each intersection. It is used to partition datasets along administrative boundaries, natural features, or analysis zones for localized study and reporting.
The spatial split operation divides features from one layer using the boundaries of another layer as cutting lines. Each input feature that crosses a split boundary is divided into separate features, with each piece falling within a single zone of the splitting layer. The output features inherit the attributes of the original input and may also receive attributes from the splitting layer to indicate which zone they belong to.
How It Works
Split takes an input feature layer and a split feature layer whose boundaries serve as division lines. Input features that fall entirely within a single split zone remain intact. Features that cross split zone boundaries are cut along those boundaries into multiple pieces. The resulting fragments are stored as separate features in the output, each assigned to the split zone in which it falls. This is conceptually the inverse of dissolveDissolveDissolve merges adjacent or overlapping features that share a common attribute value into single, unified features by...: rather than merging features together, split breaks them apart along external boundaries.
Applications
Administrative reporting uses split to divide infrastructure networks (roads, utilities, pipelines) along municipal, county, or state boundaries for jurisdiction-specific analysis and maintenance planning. Watershed analysts split land cover polygons along drainage basin boundaries to calculate cover statistics per watershed. Environmental consultants split project impact areas along regulatory boundaries to determine which permits are required. Census geographers split geographic features along enumeration area boundaries for statistical tabulation.
Considerations
Split can significantly increase the number of features in the output, especially when splitting a complex layer by a dense splitting network. Sliver polygons may appear along split boundaries due to coordinate precision differences between the input and split layers. Edge cases where features exactly follow split boundaries may require special handling.
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