GeoPandas

GeoPandas is an open-source Python library that adds geographic data support to pandas, the widely-used data analysis library. By extending pandas DataFrames with a geometry column powered by ShapelyShapelyShapely is a Python library for creating, manipulating, and analyzing planar geometric objects. Built on the GEOS lib..., GeoPandas enables users to perform spatial operations on tabular data using the same intuitive syntax they already know from pandas, dramatically lowering the barrier to geospatial analysisGeospatial AnalysisGeospatial analysis applies statistical methods and specialized software to interpret spatial data, uncovering patter... in Python. GeoPandas reads and writes vector dataVector DataVector data represents geographic features as discrete points, lines, and polygons with associated attribute informat... formats through FionaFionaFiona is a Python library for reading and writing vector geospatial data formats. Built on GDAL/OGR, it provides a cl... (ShapefileShapefileThe Shapefile is a widely used geospatial vector data format developed by Esri, storing the geometry, attributes, and..., GeoJSONGeoJSONGeoJSON is an open standard format for encoding geographic data structures using JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). I..., GeoPackage, and more), performs coordinate reference system transformations via PyProjPyProjPyProj is a Python interface to the PROJ library for cartographic projections and coordinate transformations. It enab..., and executes spatial operations through Shapely. Key capabilities include spatial joins, overlay operations, dissolveDissolveDissolve merges adjacent or overlapping features that share a common attribute value into single, unified features by... and aggregation by geometry, geocodingGeocodingGeocoding is the process of converting addresses or place names into geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude)...., buffering, and interactive plotting with matplotlib or folium. The GeoDataFrame integrates seamlessly with the broader Python data science ecosystem, enabling users to combine spatial operations with statistical analysis, machine learning, and visualization. GeoPandas has become the standard tool for vector geospatial analysis in Python, widely used in academia, government, and industry. Its familiar pandas-like interface enables data scientists without deep GISGISGeographic Information Systems (GIS) enable users to analyze and visualize spatial data to uncover patterns, relation... expertise to work effectively with geographic data. Common applications include demographic analysisDemographic AnalysisDemographic analysis examines the statistical characteristics of populations—including age, income, education, househ..., environmental monitoringEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental Monitoring is the systematic collection and analysis of data about environmental conditions, including ..., transportation planning, and real estate analyticsReal Estate AnalyticsReal Estate Analytics applies geospatial data, market intelligence, and predictive modeling to evaluate property valu.... The library continues to improve performance through integration with the Parquet format (GeoParquet) and optional use of the PyGEOS/Shapely 2.0 vectorized geometry engine.